It means the individual sense of belonging to a group, the idea that is through participating in social activities, in this case film and television- individuals can gain a sense of belonging and in essence an identity that transcends that individual.
Media representations
Stereotypes are always about the power, those with power stereotype these with less power (Dyer 1979) - youths the identity has been made by a group that have more power- the media.
Mediation
The media don't not just offer use a transparent window on the world but a mediated version of the world, They don't just present reality they re-present it (David Buckingham)
Gramsci's theory of hegemony
much of the media is controlled by a dominant group in society and the viewpoints assoicated with this group inevitably become embedded in the product.
Hegemony is a representational strategy of power.
Anthony Giddens (1991)- self experiences
Claims that mediated experiences make us reflect upon and re think our own self narrative in relation to others. That we are free to create ourselves however we want to do but also at the same time its constrained by the issues given to us by the media as they can define the way we think.
'The self is not something we are born with, and its not fixed.
Instead the self is reflexively made- thoughtfully constructed by the individual the life style we chose.
Gauntlett (2002)
The idea of role models by thinking of their own identity, attitudes, behaviour and lifestyle and relate this to a media figure. Role models aren't someone they cpu but someone they navigate several choices from.
'I don't believe that experts can have the final word about representations'. This means that a representation isn't worth anything until it gets into the mind of an audience.
Ideology- a value that are embedded in the media
Dominant ideology- these are the ideologies that are accepted by the majority of the norm in society for example the dominant ideology in youth is that they should all be under control because they are out of control for example the London riots.
Pluralism
Says that the media is diverse with a wide range of available choice.
Essay plan- Collective identity.
Analyse in different ways in which one group of people are mediated.
Introduction- What is mediation? mediation is the process in which three stages have to be done to mediate the media product before it is shown to an audience. They are to select, organise and focus which makes the media product no longer real.
The theorist I will include in the introduction are- The idea of mediation is evident from the theorist (David Buckingham) who said 'The media don't not just offer use a transparent window on the world but a mediated version of the world, They don't just present reality they re-present it'.
Then say that the group I will be focusing on is youth and the way they are portrayed through the influence of media.
Paragraph 1- Begin with the theorist Gramsci- much of the media is controlled by a dominant group in society and the viewpoints associated with this group inevitably become embedded in the product. This theory is all about hegemony and that it is a strategy of power. Use examples of historical- This is England, quadraphenia and contemporary films- Ill manors and Sket. Explain the representations of these and how they are all seen as very deviant through violence and disrespect their elders. This portrays a dominant ideology through all these films that youths need to be controlled. These representations have been shown through shot types that have been mediated.
Paragraph 2- Link the idea of the dominant ideology of the youths needing to be controlled by the theorist Giroux who says that youths are an empty category which is represented through middle aged men therefore they create the identity of them and sensationalise it so much that the audience will believe it. Use examples above representing negative representations.
Paragraph 3- However the media can represent youths to be positive use examples from the young apprentice. Also say that even though the youth are represented to be very ambitious, intelligent and strong minded the program has still be mediated to show the adults to be a higher status. In contrast with this a negative representation of the youths in the Sky news report the London riots. Explain how this news report has been mediated for example the shot types are selected as they are from the police officers view therefore emphasising the youths behaviour.
Paragraph 4- Collective identity means an individual having a sense of belonging this links with the theorists Tajfel and Turner saying that youths are represented through social identity and this is measured through categories. Use examples of the skin head in This is England, Hoodies in the London riots and Ill-manors, mod and rockers in quadraphenia. Also how these categories can have consequences of the competition for example the mods and rockers not getting along.
Paragraph 5- Cohen- moral panic and state that it originated in the rock n roll era with the mods and rockers having a negative affect on each other and society.
Paragraph 6- Self representation-
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